Discoveries of the (Dinosaur) Incisivosaurus Gauthier, and (Hominid) Sahelanthropus Tchadensis :: Anthropology Essays Paleontology Papers

Revelations of the (Dinosaur) Incisivosaurus Gauthier, and (Hominid) Sahelanthropus Tchadensis In the year 2002 an odd looking theropod dinosaur fossil was found in China (Xu). It challenges the manner in which scientists have been considering theropods and different dinosaurs for quite a while. In the Sahara desert, the most established primate skull on the planet was discovered that equivalent year. These are only two of numerous revelations that have tested the manner in which we see the antiquated world. Incisivosaurus Gauthier was what is accepted to be a crude Oviraptorosaurian that was as of late found in China. The Theropod and its exceptionally specific skull is depicted as an unusual animal that lived 128 million years prior (Gee). The trademark that â€Å"sticks out† the most are it’s rat like teeth. Harry Gee has portrayed the dinosaur as â€Å"a [cross between] Roadrunner [and] Bugs Bunny† (Ibid.) and Hillary Mayell considers it a â€Å"’Weird’ Bucktoothed Dino.† (Mayell) Oviraptorosaurians are known for their particular skulls and for being egg criminals, which is the place they get their name. It was later found that they were more than likely close to the homes not to eat the eggs however bring forth them. In Mongolia there was a revelation of a fossil of a female Oviraptor protecting her home from a dust storm (Mayell). They are thought to have advanced in the early Cretaceous (Xu). The Cretaceous time frame, is the time period that came soon after the most notable of periods in the earth’s history, the Jurassic. Xing Xu, the man who with his group discovered Incisivosaurus, works for Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology in Beijing, China. Xu and his group accept that this find demonstrates that not all theropods ate meat (Ibid). In an article for the National Geographic, Phillip Currie of the Royal Tyrell Museum of Paleontology in Canada says, These teeth are absolutely wrong for eating meat. Indeed, even with the mou th, we had consistently accepted that oviraptorosuars were still carnivorousâ€hawks and birds do it very well. Be that as it may, these teeth will be teeth you hope to find in a herbivore† (Mayell). Analysts accept that Incisivosaurus shows a connection between normal theropods and the more uncommon or if nothing else peculiar Oviraptorosaurians which are more birdlike (Gee). Xu additionally accepts this may show a connection between the Oviraptorosaurians and a herbivorous gathering of dinosaurs, the Therizinosaurs. Which shows that not every one of them were carnivores (Mayell).

Project Proposal for a Student Record Database Management System

Venture Proposal for a Student Record Database Management System for Microtech Institute of Multimedia and Technology (MIMUT) TitleStudent Record Database Management System Center Name:West African Chartered College Student Name:Malamin Gassama IMIS Membership Number:344029 Supervisor Name:Mr. Mike Topic Area: Records Management Project Title:Student Record Database Management System to monitor student’s enrolment process, course, class dates and educational cost fees.Introduction:This venture is attempted because of the Management group of Microtech Institute of Multimedia and Technology however it is important to build up a framework that can monitor their understudies enrolment forms, class start dates, courses picked and education cost installment. With the above point they ought to have the option to approach the data notice progressively. This will assist the administration with taking choices and furthermore will make the record and money staff work more organized.Datab ase Management System and DataThe organization is encountering a ton of understudy go out to their different courses. Some apply for various courses simultaneously. A few times documents are being missing, which makes it hard to get to a specific student’s record in regards to individual data, class start dates and education cost installment. Avocations: For the organization: Microtech Institute of Multimedia and Technology wishes to have an understudy record the executives framework to keep record of the student’s enrolment process, course, class dates and educational cost feesMicrotech Institute of Multimedia and Technology is please about the framework (Database application) is to create or actualize and this will offer me the chance to pick Microsoft Access 2007 as the database back end. For the understudy: It will give me the open door just because to structure and build up a rich database the executives framework for use by the Institute progressively. Planning a nd usage of the database framework will be testing and will likewise furnish me with what it’s like in a genuine creation condition to structure and grow such kind of framework for business use or purpose.Objectives: at least four Objective: Activities: 1. Examine the works and obligations of the Institute affirmation process. Expectations: Works with the individuals from staff in the affirmation division for not many days to eyewitnesses the manner in which they complete understudy enrolment just as the account office in educational cost assortment Summary of report clarifying the capacity of the confirmation office. Who will utilize them and why: The reports will help me through the advancement period of the database model and blueprint. Objective: Activities: Deliverables: Who will utilize them and why . Improve crafted by the Institute affirmation Department. Making of structures and questions and database model. Easy to understand Graphic User Interface with input, which the assistance the client to effortlessly cooperate with the database. Also, input the right information types in their particular fields. This will lessen the propensity of contributing an inappropriate figures. It will help the confirmation office to effortlessly discover and follow student’s who didn't finish their education cost, and whether on the off chance that they are doing the correct courses they apply for. Objective: Activities: Deliverable:Who will utilize them and why 3. Framework testing. Permitting the Institute’s affirmation Department staff and different individuals from staff also to test the database application utilizing sham and live information. The information will incorporate typical, substantial and invalid information, and amount. Think of a prepared and typical database the executives framework prepared for use. To guarantee that the proposed database the board application meets the user’s necessity and conveys their requirements. Ob jective: Activities: Deliverable: Who will utilize them and why4. Client and Technical documentation.Produce a well clarify client and specialized documentation. Working duplicates of the client and specialized documentations. Complete closing down of the proposed venture. Assets Needed for Carrying out the Project: Microsoft enterprise to assist me with the documentation of Microsoft Access database application permit, highlights and specialized necessity. Hardware:A (PC) or a Laptop at any rate Pentium 3 processor, RAM size of at any rate 128 MB, Hard drive size of at any rate 40GB, Internal or outer Network Interface Card of 10/100 mbps.Software:Windows Operating System (Window XP or later), Microsoft Office Access application (ms get to 2007 or later), Antivirus programming, Microsoft Office picture chief, Literature sources:Microsoft TechNet site, IMIS site, wikipedia and IT diaries and library assets. Dangers: Type: Gathering of required data from end clients, to comprehend wh at they need the application to do and works. I. e. application necessities. Move to be made if arise:Failure in social event adequate data for the beginning of the proposed venture. Type:Emerging of new innovations. Move to be made if arise:With new advances comes up that I have to learn for the fruitful finish of the proposed venture then I may need to have additional talks after school hours, do look into on the web, self investigation and expert assistance if conceivable. Type:Political hazard e. g. changes of top administration of the establishment. Move to be made if arise:The new administration will be refreshed about the undertaking, so they can know precisely the general advancement procedure and advantages to the organization. Examination Plan:Steps to be taken:†¢Gathering of required materials like articles, books and distributed papers in understudy record the board. †¢Search on the web for readymade understudy record the board framework application bundles ava ilable (Trials Versions) and audit their highlights. This can help me through be venture improvement stage. †¢Also diaries and magazines on the utilization of programming for understudy record the executives and how this can support business efficiency on the off chance that it is robotized. Books/Articles read: †¢ CADLE, J and YATES, D (2001), ‘Project Management For Information System’, Third Edition.Pearson Education. †¢ LAUDON, KC and LAUDON, JP (2004), ‘Management Information Systems-dealing with the computerized firm’, Eighth Edition. Pearson Education. †¢ WARD, J and PEPPARD, J (2002), ‘Strategic Planning For Information Systems’, Third Edition. John Wiley and Sons. †¢ THOMAS CONNOLLY, CARLYN ‘Database systems’-A reasonable way to deal with Design, Implementation, and Management. Forward Edition. Addision Wasley. Web destinations include: †¢ http://www. google. com †¢ http://www. wikipedia. com Project Development Plan: Giant graph with achievements CHART FOR STUDENT RECORD MANAGEMENT DATABASE APPLICATION FOR MIMUT:WBS WBS DESCRIPTION START END DURATION 1 Project Management 10/08/2011 12/12/2011 22 Weeks 2 Investigations 10/08/2011 24/08/2011 2 Weeks 3Systems Requirements 17/08/2011 21/09/2011 5 Weeks 4 Design 21/09/2011 06/12/2011 11Weeks 5Implementation And Evaluation 06/10/2011 27/12/2011 3 Weeks 6 Testing 19/10/2011 27/12/2011 10 Weeks 7 Documentation 25/08/2010 12/01/2012 20 Weeks Supervisor’s Comments:Supervisors must offer remarks about what was talked about with the understudy. How might the undertaking be handled/finished? What issues may they foresee? What extra preparing is required?Also what are the student’s powerless zones, and what they need to do to beat them? At last is the undertaking fit for reason? Coming up next are not worthy: 1) a great undertaking, 2) I am of the feeling that it is reasonable, 3) acceptable, and so on. Explanation s behind remarks: Areas of concern: Additional help required: General direction/remarks: Letter of Agreement A letter of understanding from the business must be joined for all tasks containing work-based material. Mark of Student: Signature of Supervisor: Date of Agreement: NB Electronic marks will be acknowledged.

Research Paper and Report Writing - The Lowdown on Academic Success

Research Paper and Report Writing - The Lowdown on Academic SuccessWhen people think of research paper and report writing, they often think of their college years or in graduate school. However, the present is a very different situation. Many people go back to school to get higher degrees. They are more aware of their options than ever before.Individuals are going back to school for all kinds of reasons. It could be to go back to school to get a degree in business, education, engineering, health, human services, nursing, or anything else. They are also returning to school because they need the work experience they would receive in college. In addition, many students just don't like the thought of going back to school. With the vast amount of information available on the Internet, it's much easier to get educated for free than in the past.Every college student needs to prepare for the rigors of a four-year degree program. The cost can run into the thousands, and a single academic year can run a little over two years. Research paper and report writing, on the other hand, will take less than one year, so it can be done while still working full time.Furthermore, the academic year can be condensed and finished in a very short amount of time. While some colleges only have a semester and summer course load, others require students to go to school all year long. The end result is that students have less time to pursue other interests and hobbies.By writing a report, students can keep their interests intact. If a student has enjoyed playing chess during the summer, he or she could turn that into a report. Students can also choose what kind of material they want to write about. They could write about a particular subject for instance, or they could choose topics they know about, but don't feel comfortable writing about.Another benefit of writing a report is that it can be done during the entire semester. In fact, a student can turn it into a final in addition to doing th e work as part of their class assignments. They can review the material they have written in the report as they progress through the class. This keeps them on track and allows them to finish the report on time.While it's easy to write a report, it's important to research the information carefully. When a report is well researched, it will be of high quality. The reason is that the research will be complete. It will include the necessary data, it will be comprehensive, and it will supply the reader with the necessary information.If you're going back to school, don't forget to consider the high school next year! Research paper and report writing aren't limited to your college years. It can be completed throughout your entire high school career. Think about what you want to do for the rest of your life, and choose the topic you would most enjoy.

The New Jim Crow Mass Incarceration - 1477 Words

The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Color Blindness, by Michelle Alexander. The New Press, 2010. 290 pages. Reviewed by Ashlei G Cameron. Michelle alexander is a highly acclaimed civil rights lawyer, advocate and legal scholar. As an associate professor of law at Standford law school, she directed the Civil Rights Clinic and pursued a research agenda focused on the intersection of race and criminal justice. In 2005. Alexander won a Soros Justice Fellowship that supported the writing of The New Jim Crow and accepted a joint appointment at the Kirwan Institute for the Study of Race and Ethnicity and the Mortiz College of Law at The Ohio State University, where she currently serves as an associate professor of law. Prior to†¦show more content†¦The New Jim Crow is her first book. The New Jim Crow has captivated many Americans’ attention since it was published in 2010. Michelle Alexander has become the poster woman for ending the drug war and mass incarceration, for policy reform and for mass movement organizing. She wrote this book for liberals like her to alert them that this system—in which people are being targeted, criminalized, stereotyped to support popular complacent consent for criminalization, incarcerated, and then denied full citizenship upon release—is a legacy to the racial caste system that was Jim Crow. While this I believe to be true, I also believe that there is more to unfold in the story than Alexander has presented in her book. Jim Crow was the name of the racial caste system, which operated primarily between 1877, and the mid-1960s. Jim Crow was more than just a series of rigid anti-Black laws. It was a way of life. Under Jim Crow, African Americans were relegated to the status of second-class citizens. Jim Crow represented the legitimization of anti-Black racism The New Jim Crow has become, to some, the seminal reading on the current state of American incarceration and how it got that way. It has been a ringing alarm for some who could have gone their whole lives and never known about the way that the war on drugs has disproportionately affected certain vulnerable segments of the population and made others vulnerable that may have not

Narration and Description in Frosts The Road Not Taken...

Narration and Description in Frosts The Road Not Taken Robert Frost was an extraordinary poet who wrote from his heart. He is known for his use of everyday objects and settings in his poems. Many times he uses nature, such as trees, birds, rain, and flowers, for subjects in his poetry. As simple as they may seem, the poems are much more detailed than meets the eye. He also writes from many different perspectives, for example first person omniscient. In his poem The Road Not Taken, Frost creates an analogy between a walk in the forest and moving through life. He also writes from a first person narrative, as if he were not only representing himself in this walk but everyone else in the world, in particular the reader. In this poem,†¦show more content†¦Many people have a desire to be different than everyone else, and it is a good thing. Frost shows this desire, saying the path has the better claim. This claim is being less traveled, almost speaking out to him to travel this wa y. The beginning of the third stanza exhibits that he did not follow anyone when making his decision. And both that morning equally lay, in leaves no step had trodden black. When reaching this divergence, neither had much bearing over the other, making them equal. In leaves no step had trodden black indicates that no one had walked the path before him. He did not follow, nor was he influenced by any other traveler. It was all his decision to turn the way he did. Frost is telling his readers that it is better to lead your way through life, not follow others through it. The final stanza is after the decision was made and the walk through life had continued, this time down a new path. Relief is in his voice and his words, as he says I shall be telling this with a sigh. In Line 17, somewhere ages and ages hence, he claims he will tell of this when he is older. It is clear that his choice was for the better, and he is happy how things have turned out. The last line, and that has made all the difference, hints that his life is better because of his decision. Throughout the poem The Road Not Taken, Frost uses the narrative of walking through the woods toShow MoreRelatedThe Importance of Journeys Essay2150 Words   |  9 Pagesby William Shakespeare, the 2003 calendar cartoon in the Sydney Morning Herald by Michael Leunig, and the Board of Studies Booklet Prescribed text The Road Not Taken, a poem by Robert Frost. The composers attempt to create a world in which imagination dominates the actions and desires of the characters, as they are taken on a journey of magic and discovery. In The Tempest, Shakespeare attempts to generate a world where the audience is transported to a world of magicRead MorePOETRY 2 11389 Words   |  46 PagesI — Poems Teachers’ Handbook ICSE Edited by: P. Pinto Phones: 23244660 (Sales) 23246113 (Fax)  © Reserved with the Publishers First Edition: 2014 Price: Rs. 40.00 Beeta Publications (A Unit of MSB Publishers Pvt. Ltd.) 4626/18, Ansari Road, Daryaganj New Delhi - 110002 Website: www.studentsmorningstar.com E-mail: info@studentsmorningstar.com A Collection of ICSE Poems and Short Stories Volume I — Poems  1. Where the Mind is Without Fear 5 — 7 Rabindranath Tagore 2.

The Effects Of Minimum Wage Increases On Inflation Essay

Introduction There is an old clichà © that say â€Å"the more money you make, the more you spend.† How accurate is this statement? What effects does wage increases, have on inflation? Lately the topic of discussion conveys the matter of minimum wage increases sparking an increase the cost of living. The individuals who would not receive pay raises; but will be affected by cost of living increases as well as labor costs, do not want to see the wages go up. However there are people scrambling to survive on minimum wage or slightly more, while other individuals struggle to feed their families every month. The other side of the debate is the wealthier population feels the lower income population needs work harder to move up the corporate ladder in order to earn more money. While the individuals themselves feel they should be making more money for the work they currently do and services they provide. In this paper, I will cover subject matter pertaining to the many different aspects tha t come along with wage increases. After analysis of all of the information the choice will be made whether to side with wage increases based on the opinions of individuals on both sides of the argument. Also I will highlight what will be best for the economy and in my opinion what is best for the people. Background In history wages have generally been increased to match inflation, meaning the minimum wage has generally been increases to make up for the loss of spending power of the dollarShow MoreRelatedMinimum Wage : Low Skilled And Young Workers1553 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Minimum wage, a program created to help the poor, has every contrary effect to its well intentions. Throughout the history, people who hurt the most during minimum wage hikes are the low-skilled and young workers. Drastically raising minimum wage is meaningless as high inflation usually comes alongside with wage increases. Past economic statistics have shown that the rate of increase in inflation usually outpaced the rate of increase in minimum wage. Thus, the real value wage workers receiveRead MoreA Brief Note On Raising Minimum Wage1088 Words   |  5 PagesBrendan Mason Mrs. Scruggs 08/07/15 Raising minimum Wage There is always talk about the problems of North Carolina’s economy, and these problems then become publicized and put throughout the media, informing people on the condition of their state’s economy. A popular topic lately is the state’s minimum wage, and whether it should be raised or if we should keep the current minimum wage. Usually, opinions vary on what to do about minimum wage, however there certainly seems to be a larger group ofRead MoreShould Minimum Wage Be Raised?870 Words   |  4 PagesShould Minimum Wage Be Raised? Minimum wage has always been a controversial issue. Many politicians use the argument of minimum wage for their own political propaganda. Some may argue minimum wage should be raised, while others believe it will have detrimental effects on our economy if it is raised. Surprising to most people, minimum wage earners make up only a small percent of American workers. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, minimum wage workers make up about 2.8% of all workersRead MoreEssay on We Must Raise the Minimum Wage1615 Words   |  7 Pages Minimum wage is the lowest wage an employer can pay their employees. There is a Federal minimum wage and in some cases a State Minimum wage. The current Federal minimum wage is $7.25. An employee who makes $7.25 an hour and works 40 hours a week, will earn about $14,000 per year. The Federal government deemed that the poverty line is anyone who makes less than $17,000 a year (â€Å"Federal Minimum†). Therefore anyone that makes minimum wage lives below the poverty line. As president ObamaRead MoreThe Negative Effects Of The Minimum Wage1282 Words   |  6 PagesMinimum Wage Should the government raise minimum wage? Should the government lower or keep the current minimum wage? Minimum wage is a very controversial topic when it is discussed between all parties. For those arguing for minimum wage increase believe that it will bring people living below the poverty line above it. Former President Obama stated, â€Å" no one working forty hours deserves to be living in poverty.† For those arguing against the raise on minimum wage believe that it has more negativeRead MoreThe Effects of a Minimum Wage Law655 Words   |  3 PagesWhat are the Effects of a Minimum Wage Law? A minimum wage is the lowest amount of money per hour that the government of the country assigns employers to pay their employees. The minimum wage is based on an idea that the employers have a responsibility for their employees to live in a reasonable standard of living. The minimum wage laws have directly effect to most industries because of the potential of decreasing their budget. As a result, the minimum wage is still an issue that people researchRead MoreMcdonald s And The Minimum Wage993 Words   |  4 PagesMCDONALD’S AND THE MINIMUM WAGE Introduction Minimum wage has always been, and will probably always be, a controversial topic. Some believe raising the minimum wage is the solution to poverty, while others believe that raising the minimum wage is a recipe for â€Å"killing† jobs. This age old debate has come to the forefront recently as the â€Å"Fight for $15† by fast-food workers continues to grow. The campaign’s core argument is that the billion-dollar companies in the fast-food industry can afford toRead MoreMinimum Wage And The Wage1639 Words   |  7 PagesMinimum wage is one of the many microeconomic policies that serve to correct imbalance in the economy. It is defined as the lowest amount of remuneration required of an employer to pay his employees during a given period of work. There exist different laws in different states that can fix the minimum wage policy. A current economic issue is minimum wage, or specifically, its pertinence to social inequality. Many sectors of society would be affecte d by changes in this policy. Minimum wage relies onRead MoreMinimum Wage And Its Effect On The Economy1015 Words   |  5 Pageshigh unemployment rate is the issue of minimum wage. Depending on the states in U.S., the price of minimum wage is different, but the low minimum wage may cause the economic condition worse. Minimum wage is the lowest wage that an employer is allowed to pay. This wage is regulated by the law, so all workers must follow this rule. According to the book, â€Å"Minimum Wages†, the author Neumark, David states, â€Å"in 1938, the U.S. Congress passed a federal minimum wage as part of the Fair Labor Standard Act†Read MoreThe Effects Of Raising The Minimum Wage1311 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Minimum Wage While the debate over the effects of raising the minimum wage continues, there are countless studies and statistical data to support both sides of this controversy. Often the negative impacts of these wage increases are overshadowed by those who want to help the working class who live at or below the poverty level. Do these increases actually help the ones that they were intended to help? What are the negative impacts on the rest of the working class? How do these increases affect

Compare and contrast Germany v America Essay Example For Students

Compare and contrast Germany v America Essay Europeans and Americans have much more in common than most people think, making adjustments to life in a new country easier. Many customs are similar to practices in the United States. Germans have their own way of being German. Germany is a relatively small and densely populated country. Unlike the United States, which is a large, densely populated country. The greatest shock to Americans is the speed at which Germans drive. The roads and freeways are quite narrow. Speed limits in cities are strictly enforced, but on much of the Autobahn there is no limit on how fast drivers can go. Although it is against the law, impatient Germans may also tailgate at high speeds and/or flash their headlights when they want to pass your vehicle. If you are driving for the first time in Germany, keep right. Left lanes are for passing only. Unlike when you are driving in America; Americans tend to travel in the lane that is meant for passing and the faster drivers. Americans tend to think I am going the speed limit, so I am going to stay in the left lane, the Germany way of thinking is that if you are not passing anyone or if you are going too slow, your car needs to be in the right hand lane. Unlike in the United States, train travel is a German way of life. You can get on at train at any bahnhof (train station) and travel to any destination in Europe you would like. The Germans use the train as their main mean of travel due to pollution and the inflated gas prices. Americans tend to use the automobile as our main mean of travel more than we should. Nobody likes to wait in line especially the German people, who seem to have to do it more often than Americans. Even normally courteous Germans may elbow their way ahead if you dont stand your ground. Its not unusual to get bumped by a tailgating shopping cart. Keep smiling; it is just the German way of life. Its usual to greet others when walking into a waiting room, small business or train compartment. A simple Guten Tag or, in s outhern Germany, Gruess Gott, is in order. Germans are also avid hand-shakers. Not only do they shake hands when meeting someone for the first time, but at every meeting thereafter. Upon arrival at small parties and gatherings, it is not unusual to greet everyone individually, with a handshake and then make the round again when you leave. Never have a hand in your pocket when shaking hands and always make eye contact. Germans are quite reserved and usually wont take the initiative to meet someone unless its necessary, especially if they notice you are American and their English is rusty or nonexistent. Germans expect Americans friendly, so its a good idea for you to take the initiative and introduce yourself. Every little bit of German you learn helps. Germans and all Europeans appreciate Americans who are trying to learn their language. When youre invited to a German home, it is customary to bring a gift. The safest tokens of appreciation are bottled, either wine or spirits. If yo u choose to bring flowers, dont pick red roses unless youre in love with the host and always unwrap the florists paper before handing over the bouquet. Even in inclimate weather, Germans love to take long walks and work in their gardens. They are firm believers in the benefits of breathing fresh air and staying active. Which is a good thing since the main ingredients in their diet are fat and alcohol. Germans have well-kept public swimming pools called schwimbads, that are reasonably priced and very popular. Germans also regularly air out their homes and bedding. It is not unusual to see open windows with blankets and feather comforters hanging out of them. Another familiar sight is men or women leaning out their windows watching the world go by. Theyre not being nosy theyre enjoying a bit of fresh air. In the summer, outdoor cafes and beer gardens are packed. Beer gardens are often located outside of town, in shady park-like areas or in the woods. Germans often take walks throug h town when all the stores are closed, or hike in the forest, stopping for a leisurely drink at an outdoor cafe or outdoor pub along the way. In America we wait to be seated, even at pizza hut and we would never think of sharing a table with a stranger; in Germany the traditions on this are totally different. It isnt customary to be seated by a host in many eating establishments in Germany. Often guests sit down at any unoccupied table or, after asking permission of those seated there, at an occupied table. Sharing tables with total strangers is common, especially in the South. Watch out, though, for tables with a Reserviert sign or those labeled Stammtisch, which are reserved for regulars. You wont automatically get a glass of water when you sit down. In fact, you should order something to drink, because 10 percent of the charge for the food and drink is part of your waiters pay; even though you should round up you bill to the nearest mark. Most drinking water in Germany is bottled and carbonated. Germans believe its unhealthy if you drink tap water (Leitungswasser) but waiters will bring it if you insist. After your food is served, its polite to wish your fellow diners Guten Appetit. In America we ask for the bill when we are done; if the wait staff hasnt already brought it. In Germany, how you position your knife and fork sends a message. If youre done, put the knife and fork together, tips toward the middle of the plate and handles toward your right elbow. Lying them down in a V with the tip facing away from you means youd like another serving. The German dining and celebration culture revolves around alcohol much more than in the States. It only takes one visit to a German festival, like the famous Oktoberfest, for visitors to realize that it is nothing more than a big beer party. When it comes to alcohol consumption, Germans are No. 1. The average German drinks 12.1 liters of pure alcohol per year. It is much more common to have beer or wine with dinner than a soda or water. Its no wonder southern Germany produces some of the best wine and beer in the world. If Germans invite you for a drink, it means they intend to pay. Having a drink with friends means toasting. Lots of it. In a group setting, youll hear calls to toast Prost or Zum Wohl continuously. When everyone raises a glass, be sure to clink with each person and make eye contact as you do so. Lighting up a cigarette is still fashionable in Germany. A larger proportion of Germans smoke compared to Americans, especially among the younger generation. Germans dont typically ask permission to smoke in your presence. They just do it. Non-smoking sections of restaurants and even hospitals are rare. I am going to commit a large part of my essay to the German Fests. While Germans may seem reserved, the truth is they take every opportunity to let their hair down. Almost everyone has heard of Oktoberfest, the famous Munich event that dates back to the 1800s. Between six and seven m illion people visit the fairgrounds each year to visit the seven huge beer halls or peruse hundreds of smaller stands. Oktoberfest isnt just popular for its beer; there are also roller coasters, Ferris wheels, helicopter swings, and bumper cars. Waiters and waitresses deliver tons of rotisserie chicken, ham hocks, sausages and pretzels. While the patrons drink their beer in the famous one-liter mug, bands blare inside the massive tents. Summertime brings a steady flow of fests. Every village, no matter how small, has at least one fest. Some celebrate foods and others just celebrate. Germany is not known internationally for wine since Germans drink most of it, rather than exporting it but vineyards have been cultivated since Roman times. Even cold weather cant keep Germans from their fests. The winter holidays of Christmas and carnival each bring their own celebrations. Many cities host a Weihnachtsmarkt, or Christmas market, during the four-week Advent period before Christmas. Thes e markets are a wonderland for anyone with a sweet tooth. Vendors sell all kinds of cookies, along with ornaments and small gift items. To ward off the chill, shoppers can buy mulled red wine or gluhwine as the Germans call it. Soon after the New Year, carnival festivities get rolling as if the festivities had even stopped. Originally a pagan celebration, carnival now fits in with the church calendar. The fun comes together in the days before Ash Wednesday. Some say the Fasching revelry is a good way to unwind before Lent, the 40 somber days leading up to Easter. Each regions Fasching traditions are different, so its worthwhile to visit parades in several cities. The big, elaborate parades in Mainz, Cologne and Munich are the most famous, but people have more fun at the smaller local events. The villages often compete with each other to throw the most entertaining gala. Witches and fools in grotesque masks tease those along the parade route, playing tricks, scaring children and han ding out goodies. Fasching is much like Halloween, Easter, and Mardi Gras rolled into one. .u2516cb44301b4c6778a619c428e54140 , .u2516cb44301b4c6778a619c428e54140 .postImageUrl , .u2516cb44301b4c6778a619c428e54140 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2516cb44301b4c6778a619c428e54140 , .u2516cb44301b4c6778a619c428e54140:hover , .u2516cb44301b4c6778a619c428e54140:visited , .u2516cb44301b4c6778a619c428e54140:active { border:0!important; } .u2516cb44301b4c6778a619c428e54140 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2516cb44301b4c6778a619c428e54140 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2516cb44301b4c6778a619c428e54140:active , .u2516cb44301b4c6778a619c428e54140:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2516cb44301b4c6778a619c428e54140 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2516cb44301b4c6778a619c428e54140 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2516cb44301b4c6778a619c428e54140 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2516cb44301b4c6778a619c428e54140 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2516cb44301b4c6778a619c428e54140:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2516cb44301b4c6778a619c428e54140 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2516cb44301b4c6778a619c428e54140 .u2516cb44301b4c6778a619c428e54140-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2516cb44301b4c6778a619c428e54140:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: About Compass's Invention Essay During day-to-day operations Germans may be more reserved than Americans; however, when the Germans are finished with their daily obligations, they really loosen up. You shouldnt visit Germany looking for sunny, warm weather; but, if you are looking for a good time, Germany is the place to go. Bibliography: